This article endeavors to delve into the impact of dark matter and dark energy on the development of the early universe by employing numerical simulations. To accomplish this, an intricate numerical simulation model is devised. By modulating the parameters of dark matter and dark energy within this model, we observe and scrutinize the universe's evolution across various parameter configurations. Our findings underscore dark matter's pivotal role as the primary constituent of cosmic structure, significantly influencing galaxy formation and evolution. Moreover, dark energy's presence is instrumental in driving the universe's accelerated expansion, thereby altering the expansion rates of galaxies and the universe's overall architecture. Numerical simulations further substantiate the crucial part played by dark matter and dark energy in cosmic evolution. These simulations provide deeper insights into their properties and mechanisms of action during the universe's nascent stages. Building on these findings, future research will strive to unravel further mysteries surrounding dark matter and dark energy's roles in the universe's evolution.