Animal social network analysis (ASNA) is an emerging approach that provides valuable insights into the structure and dynamics of animal social interactions. This paper presents a comprehensive framework for constructing, conducting, and interpreting ASNA, bridging methodological rigor with biological relevance. We begin by discussing data collection strategies, including direct observations and automated tracking systems, ensuring accurate representation of social interactions. Key network metrics, such as centrality, modularity, and density, are explored to capture individual roles and group-level dynamics. We then outline statistical techniques to analyze temporal changes and test hypotheses about social behavior. Case studies from various taxa demonstrate the application of ASNA in understanding cooperation, dominance hierarchies, disease transmission, and conservation strategies. By integrating robust methodologies with biological interpretation, this study highlights the transformative potential of ASNA in behavioral ecology.