Nanomaterials have emerged as a promising solution for the remediation of environmental pollutants due to their unique physical, chemical, and biological properties. This review explores the potential applications of nanomaterials in environmental pollution control, focusing on their role in the removal of heavy metals, organic pollutants, and other toxic substances from air, water, and soil. The study discusses various types of nanomaterials, including nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanocomposites, and their mechanisms of action in pollutant degradation, adsorption, and sequestration. Furthermore, the review highlights recent advancements in the synthesis and functionalization of nanomaterials to enhance their efficiency and selectivity in environmental remediation processes. The challenges of scalability, environmental toxicity, and regulatory concerns regarding the use of nanomaterials are also addressed. Despite these challenges, nanomaterials show great promise in providing sustainable and cost-effective solutions for environmental pollution management, paving the way for future research and development in this field.